Boiler.



EPHRAIM M. WILKINSON, OF OSWEGO, NEW YORK.

BOILER.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Dec. 6, 1910.

Application filed November 16, 1908. Serial No. 462,889.

To all whom it may concerli.'

Be it known thatvI, ErrmniM M. vWILKIN- soN, a citizen of the UnitedStates, and a resident of Oswego, county of Oswego, and State of NewYork, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Boilers, ofwhich the following is a specification.

My invention relates to steam boilers and more especially to thatclassknown as water tube boilers. Various objects of my invention areto'provide a boiler oli' the class described of increased strength; onein which the more perfect combustion, circulation and impinging ol thehot gases is obtained; one in which there are no rivets or seams locatedin the brickwork at which leaks are liable to protection is given theoccur and injure the brickwork; one in which the number of seams 1sdecreased to a minimum; a boiler in which the free circalation of thewater is at all times and places., insured; one in which thebriekwork'at the rear of the boiler is protected from water due toleakage or when the boiler is being cleaned; one in which a roperysupport and rickwork over the It'ront of the boiler; one in which theyarious seams are so placed that they are easily accessible for calkingand repairing; and, generally, to secure a high degree of economy andellieiency in construction and operation.

Further objects and advantages will more clearly appear from thedetailed description given below taken in connection with theaccompanying drawings which form a part of this specication.

In the drawings, Figure 1 represents a side elevation in section of myimproved boiler. Fig. 2 1s a vertical double section of the front end ofthe boiler. In the left hand portion the boiler front is removedshowingbrickwork or masonry foundations or sup' ports 1 and 2.

3 represents the grate and 4 the stack. Above the fire box yand (grate 3are arranged the tubes 5 ol the boiler.y The lower row of tubes arearranged in the arc of a circle as over the flanges 19 bounding'thehandholes 17. The plates 18 are secured in place by clearly shown inFigs. 2 and 4 while the remaining tubes are staggered. Above the tubes 5and parallel therewith is located the steam drum 6. At the front end ofthe boiler the tubes 5 are expanded linto an inside front` header 7 andthe drum 6 is sey cured to a tlange 8 on said header by means 6o ofrivets 9. Tlie header 7 is circular and concentric with the lower row oftubes 5, and at its periphery has a deep flange 10.

11 represents an outside front header spaced from the header 7. Theheader 11 is also circular in shape to conform to the header 7 and has acircular llange 12'at its periphery which is secured to the flange 10 bya single row of rivets 13. Directly opposite the steam drum 6 the header11 has a circular opening boundedv by an outward'- flange 14 and securedto the flange 111 by rivets 15 is a bumped drum head 16,v (see Figs. 2and 3)t Directly Vposite each tube 5 the header 11 is provideilD withhandholes 17 for examination, cleaning and removal of the tubes 5. Thehandholes are closed by plates'18 which are circular and prof vided witha groove at their edges for fitting bolts 21, crabs 22, and nuts 23. Theplates or headers 7 and 11 are securely bolted together by hollowstay-bolts 20.

24 represents circular tubes forming openings through the water legspace between the headers 7 and 11. These openings are for. the removalof the circular baille brick 25. Upon the lower row of tubes 5 I locatetiles of refractory material or baille bricks 26 'which may be removedby turning them in a. vertical position and dro ping them downbetweenthe tubes 5. Baillie brick 27 along the top row of tubes may be removedfrom. top of setting. n Extending forward f1o1n t.he llangelO of theheader 7 is a cylindrical steel extension 28 which acts as an arch forthe brickwork 29' and protects the-same from water and steam. Secured atthe front of the eXtension 28 is the boiler front 30 provided with theusual gage 31 and door 32.

33 is a perforated dry pipe connected with the outletvvalve 34'.

35 is a feed sediment blow-oil' an with feed pipe 36 entering the fronten andthe sediment blow-oli pipe 37 leading from the rear end thereof. i

The rear end of the boiler is provided with a rear inside header 38which is provided with an opening bounded by an inward flange 39. To theflange 39 is secured the rear end of the drum G by means of rivets 40.At its periphery the header 38 has a deep outwardly extending flange 4l.Secured thereto by a single row of rivets 42 is the lflange L13 of anoutside rear header 44;. The tubes 5 are expanded into the rear insideheader` 3S and t-he headers 3S and 44e are furthcr secured together by,

hollow stay-bolts t5 in the saine manner as the front headers. The rearoutside header is also provided with handholes 4G, handhole plates 4T,crabs 4:8 and circular tubes 49 similar lo those at the front end olithe boiler. The rear outside header is also provided with'an openingbounded by an ontwardly extending flange 50. Secured to the flange 50 byrivets 51 is a rear bumped drum head 52 having a manhole opening 53 withan inward flange 54. The opening 53 is closed by means of a flangedplate 55, crab 56 and nut and bolt- 57. l The water-leg formed by rearheaderslS and 44 rests upon a saddle 58. Beneath the saddle are tworollerbearings 59 which rest upon the-base plate G0. T he rollerbearings allow the rear end of the boiler to move freely back and forthto allow for expansion and contraction. A blow-off pipe G1 extendsthrough apertures in the protective apron 62, base plate G0 and saddle58 to the water-leg formed by the rear headers. The protective apron 62is pi'eleralidy a steel plate secured' in the lirickwork below the baseplate (5 0 and preventing water from falling upon the brickwork beneathit when the boiler is being cleaned.

i In operation the hot gases from the' lire on the grate '3 passupwardly impinging upon the lower row of tubes 5. The tubes beingarranged in the arc of a circle the gases are deflected upwardly at thesides so that they getin all portions ol the {ire-box and cause a moreperfect impingiug of the gases upon the tubes. Because ol the baillebrick 26 being arranged on the eircularly arranged lower row of tubes,an incandescent inverted arch is formed over the furnace, the shapebeing such that there is more unobstructed space for combustion and agreater area of incandescent surface 'for the ht'ating and combustion ofthe gases, than in prior boilers. This is largely due to thc fact tl. itthe gases travel the whole length of the setting rsurrounded byincandescent material ybefore striking any amount of cooling surfaces,sueltas the tubes. In this way, the

prevention of smoke is greatly enhanced-'a desideratum which is greatlysought for at the present time-and the use of smoke conl suming devicesmay be avoided. The ases then pass rearwardly, up and aroun the rear endof the balile brick 26, 'then fol'- wardly, and-up and around the baillebrick 25 and then rearwardly to the stack 4. 70

In prior boilers of the class described'it has been customary to makethe water-legs formed by the headers of as nare or rectangular form. Iprovide hea ers of a circular form so that the are much stronger and cancarry a much lligher pressure. All the apertures and flanges in theheaders may. therefore, be made circular soA that the apertures may bequickly and easily cut out and the flanges quickly, easily andeconomically 80, spun from the metal of the headers. This causes all theseams to be circular which further. increases the strength of the'boiler. Thus by the circular construction described, l the result isthatin view of the high workg5 ing pressures demanded of the present dayboilerthere will be a larger factor of safety. This factor of safety isalso increased because of the flanges and heads op posite each end ofthe steam drum, which v gives an eXtrau amount of metal to carry thepressure which is distributed among the circle of stay-bolts surroundingit. The circular arrangement of the lower ro'w of tubes above the gratasand the shapeof the headers being made to conform to the `arrangement ofthe tubes. unnecessary llat surfaces are done away with so that theamount of staving is minimized.

By connecting the drum 6 directly to100 flanges 8 and 39 on the insideheaders 7 and 38 and not continuing them to the outside headers anunobstructed passage is left. from the liront water-leg into the drum 6`and from the drum into rear water-leg which greatly and advantageouslypromotesa bet- .ter circulation of the water, also a large andunobstructed area for the separation olf` the steam from the water.

Since the headers and their outside flanges vare circular only a singlerow of rivets is re quired to join the headers which greatly lessens thechances of leakage; and since this row of rivets may be made to liemainly or wholly outside of the brickwork the brick- AL15 work does nothave to be torn down in order to repair the seams, and neither does thebrickwork suer injury because of leakage at the seams. The steel or ironapron 62 v reaches across the brickwork below and directly under therear headers to protect the brickwork from water' wherfthe boiler isbeing cleaned out. The arch A:28 also acts as a protection for thebriekwork at the front end of the boiler when` it is being cleaned out.llanged inwardly or toward each other to receive the drum, the seams aremuch more aecessible and much easier to repair. f

My invention further provides for the ab- The inside headers 'i'v and'BB4being j` sence of all riveted seams in contact with the fire andpractically. all of the joints can be calked without the removal of anybrick# work; and the handhole openings` 17 and 4B flanged inwardlytoreceive the circular recessed plates 18 and 47 further increase therigidity andstrength of the boiler.

Although I have set forth one specific embodiment of my invention ingreat detail, I go not I,desire to -be limited to such details,

vHaving fully and clearly described my invention, what I claim anddesire to secure by Letters Patent, is:

1. In a boiler' the ,combination of a suitable support, a steam drum.water tubes and substantially circular inside and outside headers for'each end of said drum and tubes` each header being integrally Hangedtoward the adjacent, header, the flanges being connected together toforni a single seam between the headers and the inside headers at `eachend of theboiler embracing both the drum and tubes.

2., In a boiler, the combination of a steam drum and water tubestherefor, substantially circular inside and outside headers for saiddrum and tubes, the inside and outside headers having integral flangesoverlapping each other. connected by a single seam, and stay boltsbetween theutside and inside headers.

3. In a boiler, the combination of a steam drum and water tubestherefor, substantially circular inside and outsideheaders for said drumand tubes, the inside and outside headers having integral angesoverlapping each other connected by a single seam, and stay boltsbetween the outside and inside headers. said stay bolts being rigidlysecured to the headers t0 rmly hold the same.

4. In a boiler the combination of a grate, a steam' drum and watertubes, substantially circular frontl and rear headers therefor, eachinside header embracing both thel drum and tubes, one lower row of tubesbeing in the form of an inverted arch above said grate, and baillebrickarranged on said row to form an inverted arch for the deflection ofthe hot gases. A

In a boiler the combination of a grate, a steam drum, water tubes 'belowsaid drum,

and substantially circular inside and outside. front and rear headersfor said drum and stantially in the form ot' an inverted arch above saidgrate.

7. In a boiler the combination of a steain drum, water tubesbclow saiddi um, substanvin the forni of an inverted arch above said grate, andbatiles arranged on said lower row of tubes.

9. In a boiler, the combination of a steam drum. a plurality of watertubes, a lower row of which is arranged substantially in the form of aninverted'arch. baiiles arranged on said rowof tubes. and substantiallycircular inside and outside front and rear headers for said tubes anddrum arranged to form a water-leg at each end of the boiler.

10. In-a boiler the combination of a suitable support. asteam drum.water tubes and a substantially circular inside and outsidi` header forsaidv drinn and tubes, said headers being Hanged toward each other, saidflanges being connected together to form a scam and said seam lyingwithout said support.

11. In a ,boiler the combination of a masonry support, a steam drum,water tubes,

a fire box, the tubes immediately over said headers for said tubes anddrum, and a grate and fire box, the lower row of tubes being, arrangedsubstantially in the are of a circle above said grate and to conform tosaid headers, and the remaining tubes being staggered.

13. Ina boiler the combination of a boiler front, a steam drum, watertubes, substair tially. circular front and rear headers for said driimand tubes and a substantially cylindrical extension piece connecting theboiler front with thc front headers.

14. In a boiler, the combination of a steam drum, water tubes, insideand outside headers therefor forming a water leg extending between thetubes and drum, said outside' headers being provided with handholeopenings with {ianges andplates for closing said, handhole openings.

15. In a boiler, the combination of a steam drum, water tubes,substantially circular inside and outside headers therefor forming waterlegs extending from the tubes to the drum, said outside headers beingprovided with handhole openings with substantially circular inwardflanges` and plates for abutting the said flanges to closel saidhandhole openings. l

16.Y In a boiler, the combination of water tubes, a steam drum, asubstantially circular` inside header with fiat surfaces for said tubesand drum and a substantially circular outside header with flat surfacescontaining flanged handholes and plates abutting said flanges andclosing said handholcs, said headers forming a water leg extending tronithe tubes to the drum and said headers being connected by a single seamand securely ,held together by stay bolts suitably spaced over ytheirflat surfaces.

y'17. In a boiler, the combination of a steam druln and water tubes, thetubes of the lower row being arranged4 substantially in the arc of acircle carrying tiles of a refractory niaterial, for the purpose aspreviously set forth.

1S. The combination of a water leg with substantially circular insideand outside headers, with flat surfaces, openings being anwed outwardlyin the upper side of the inside headers, for the reception of a drumWhose ends tit in said openings, flanged openings being made in upperhalt of outside headers'exaetly opposite to said drum; said flangedopenings carrying ay dished head substantially as described.

19. The combination of water tubes for a substantially .in the shape ofan inverted arch and baffling brick arranged on v,said lower tubes t'oform substantially an inverted arch shaped battling means. i

21. In a boiler, the combination of Water tubes and battling brickarraruqed among the lower tubes to forni a battling surface with itssides inclining substantially from the center thereof upwardly sob as tocause the hot gases to be deflected toward the side tubes.

22. In a boiler the combination of Water tubes the lower ones of whichare higher at the sides ol the boiler than in the middle and battlingbrick arranged among the lower tubes and v( rxtcnding part way alongsaid tubes to forni a battling surface with its sides inoliningupwardly.

In testimony whereof, I have signed my naine to this specification, inthe presence of two subscribing witnesses.

EPHAIhI M. VILKINSON.

Witnesses ANNA H. Nirrnn,

JAMES S. CLARK.

